Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) T. Nadeau, Ed. Request for Comments: 7257 Lucid Vision Category: Standards Track A. Kiran Koushik, Ed. ISSN: 2070-1721 Brocade R. Mediratta, Ed. Cisco Systems, Inc. July 2014
Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) Management Information Base
Abstract
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it describes managed objects to configure and/or monitor Virtual Private LAN services. It needs to be used in conjunction with the Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (PW-STD-MIB from RFC 5601).
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7257.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF Contributions published or made publicly available before November 10, 2008. The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process. Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other than English.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................3 2. Terminology .....................................................3 2.1. Conventions Used in This Document ..........................4 3. The Internet-Standard Management Framework ......................4 4. VPLS MIB Module Architecture ....................................4 4.1. VPLS-GENERIC-MIB Module Usage ..............................5 4.2. VPLS-LDP-MIB Module Usage ..................................6 4.3. VPLS-BGP-MIB Module Usage ..................................6 4.4. Relations to Other MIB Modules .............................6 5. Example of the VPLS MIB Modules Usage ...........................6 6. Object Definitions ..............................................8 6.1. VPLS-GENERIC-MIB Object Definitions ........................8 6.2. VPLS-LDP-MIB Object Definitions ...........................29 6.3. VPLS-BGP-MIB Object Definitions ...........................35 7. Security Considerations ........................................44 8. IANA Considerations ............................................45 8.1. IANA Considerations for VPLS-GENERIC-MIB ..................45 8.2. IANA Considerations for VPLS-LDP-MIB ......................45 8.3. IANA Considerations for VPLS-BGP-MIB ......................45 9. References .....................................................46 9.1. Normative References ......................................46 9.2. Informative References ....................................47 10. Acknowledgments ...............................................48
This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet community. In particular, it defines three MIB modules that can be used to manage VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) for transmission over a Packet Switched Network (PSN) using LDP [RFC4762] or BGP [RFC4761] signaling. This MIB module provides generic management of VPLS services as defined by the IETF L2VPN Working Group. Additional MIB modules are also defined for management of LDP VPLS and BGP VPLS services by the IETF L2VPN Working Group.
This document adopts the definitions, acronyms, and mechanisms described in [RFC3985]. Unless otherwise stated, the mechanisms of [RFC3985] apply and will not be described again here.
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The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed the Management Information Base or MIB. MIB objects are generally accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the Structure of Management Information (SMI). This memo specifies MIB modules that are compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580 [RFC2580].
An entry in the vplsConfigTable MUST exist for every VPLS service. This table holds generic parameters that apply to a VPLS service which can be signaled via LDP or BGP.
A conceptual row can be created in the vplsConfigTable in one of the following ways:
1) A Network Management System (NMS) creates a row in the vplsConfigTable using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Set requests, which causes the node to create and start a new VPLS service. The agent MUST support the creation of VPLS services in this way.
2) The agent MAY create a row in the vplsConfigTable automatically due to some auto discovery application, or based on configuration that is done through non-SNMP applications. This mode is OPTIONAL.
At least one entry in the vplsPwBindTable MUST exist for each VPLS service.
This Binding table links one VPLS service with one or many pseudowires (defined in [RFC5601]). Each pseudowire may be used as a spoke or as part of a mesh based on the parameters defined in this table.
For each VPLS service, an entry in the vplsBgpAdConfigTable MUST exist if Auto-discovery has been enabled for that service. This table stores the information required for auto-discovery.
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For each VPLS service, at least one entry in the vplsBgpRteTargetTable MUST exist if auto-discovery has been configured for that service. One service can import and export multiple Route Targets.
- The vplsPwBindTable links the VPLS entry to the pwTable in [RFC5601].
- The association of Media Access Control (MAC) addresses to VPLS entries is possible by adding a turnstile function to interpret the entries in [SNMP-CONTEXT-MAP-MIB]. In [SNMP-CONTEXT-MAP-MIB], there is a mapping from the vacmContextName [RFC3415] to dot1dBasePort [RFC4188] and vplsConfigIndex. This mapping can be used to map the vplsConfigIndex to a dot1dBasePort in the BRIDGE- MIB. This resulting value of dot1dBasePort can be used to access corresponding MAC addresses that belong to a particular vplsConfigIndex.
- Unless all the necessary entries in the applicable tables have been created and all the parameters have been consistently configured in those tables, signaling cannot be performed from the local node, and the vplsConfigRowStatus should report 'notReady'.
- Statistics can be gathered from the PW Performance tables in [RFC5601].
In this section, we provide an example of the use of the MIB objects described in Section 6 to set up a VPLS service over MPLS. While this example is not meant to illustrate every permutation of the MIB, it is intended as an aid to understanding some of the key concepts. It is meant to be read after going through the MIB itself.
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In this example, a VPLS service (VPLS-A) is set up using LDP for signaling the pseudowire. The Binding between the VPLS service and the pseudowire is reflected in the VplsPwBindTable. The pseudowire configuration is defined in RFC 5601.
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DESCRIPTION "Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
The initial version of this MIB module was published in RFC 7257; for full legal notices see the RFC itself.
This MIB module contains generic managed object definitions for Virtual Private LAN Service as defined in RFC 4761 and RFC 4762.
This MIB module enables the use of any underlying pseudowire network."
-- Revision history. REVISION "201405191200Z" -- 19 May 2014 12:00:00 GMT
DESCRIPTION "Initial version published as part of RFC 7257." ::= { transmission 274 }
VplsBgpRouteDistinguisher ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Syntax for a route distinguisher that matches the definition in RFC 4364. For a complete definition of a route distinguisher, see RFC 4364. For more details on use of a route distinguisher for a VPLS service, see RFC 4761." REFERENCE "RFC 4364" SYNTAX OCTET STRING(SIZE (0..256))
VplsBgpRouteTarget ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Syntax for a Route Target that matches the definition in RFC 4364. For a complete definition of a Route Target, see RFC 4364." REFERENCE "RFC 4364"
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SYNTAX OCTET STRING(SIZE (0..256))
VplsBgpRouteTargetType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Used to define the type of a Route Target usage. Route Targets can be specified to be imported, exported, or both. For a complete definition of a Route Target, see RFC 4364." REFERENCE "RFC 4364" SYNTAX INTEGER { import(1), export(2), both(3) }
vplsConfigIndexNext OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object contains an appropriate value to be used for vplsConfigIndex when creating entries in the vplsConfigTable. The value 0 indicates that no unassigned entries are available. To obtain the value of vplsConfigIndex for a new entry in the vplsConfigTable, the manager issues a management protocol retrieval operation to obtain the current value of vplsConfigIndex. After each retrieval operation, the agent should modify the value to reflect the next unassigned index. After a manager retrieves a value the agent will determine through its local policy when this index value will be made available for reuse." ::= { vplsObjects 1 }
vplsConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE
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SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table specifies information for configuring and monitoring Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS). " ::= { vplsObjects 2 }
vplsConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A row in this table represents a Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) in a packet network. It is indexed by vplsConfigIndex, which uniquely identifies a single VPLS.
A row is created via SNMP or by the agent if a VPLS service is created by a non-SNMP application or due to the Auto-Discovery process.
All of the read-create objects values except vplsConfigSignalingType can be changed when vplsConfigRowStatus is in the active(1) state. Changes for vplsConfigSignalingType are only allowed when the vplsConfigRowStatus is in notInService(2) or notReady(3) states. " INDEX { vplsConfigIndex } ::= { vplsConfigTable 1 }
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}
vplsConfigIndex OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..2147483647) MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Unique index for the conceptual row identifying a VPLS service." ::= { vplsConfigEntry 1 }
vplsConfigName OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SnmpAdminString MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A textual name of the VPLS. If there is no local name, or this object is otherwise not applicable, then this object MUST contain a zero-length octet string." DEFVAL { "" } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 2 }
vplsConfigDescr OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SnmpAdminString MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A textual string containing information about the VPLS service. If there is no information for this VPLS service, then this object MUST contain a zero-length octet string." DEFVAL { "" } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 3 }
vplsConfigAdminStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { up(1), down(2), testing(3) -- in some test mode
} MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The desired administrative state of the VPLS service. If the administrative status of the VPLS service is changed to enabled, then this
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service is able to utilize pseudowires to perform the tasks of a VPLS service. The testing(3) state indicates that no operational packets can be passed." DEFVAL { down } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 4 }
vplsConfigMacLearning OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object specifies if MAC Learning is enabled in this service. If this object is true then MAC Learning is enabled. If false, then MAC Learning is disabled." DEFVAL { true } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 6 }
vplsConfigDiscardUnknownDest OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "If the value of this object is 'true', then frames received with an unknown destination MAC are discarded in this VPLS. If 'false', then the packets are processed." DEFVAL { false } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 7 }
vplsConfigMacAging OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "If the value of this object is 'true', then the MAC aging process is enabled in this VPLS. If 'false', then the MAC aging process is disabled." DEFVAL { true } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 8 }
vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..100) UNITS "percentage" MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current
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DESCRIPTION "This object specifies the utilization of the forwarding database for this VPLS instance at which the vplsFwdFullAlarmRaised notification will be sent. The value of this object must be higher than vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark."
DEFVAL { 95 } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 10 }
vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..99) UNITS "percentage" MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object specifies the utilization of the forwarding database for this VPLS instance at which the vplsFwdFullAlarmCleared notification will be sent. The value of this object must be less than vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark." DEFVAL { 90 } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 11 }
vplsConfigRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "For creating, modifying, and deleting this row.
All other objects in this row must be set to valid values before this object can be set to active(1).
None of the read-create objects in the conceptual rows may be changed when this object is in the active(1) state.
If this object is set to destroy(6) or deleted by the agent, all associated entries in the vplsPwBindTable, vplsBgpRteTargetTable, and vplsBgpVETable shall be deleted." ::= { vplsConfigEntry 12 }
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STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The value of this object specifies the MTU of this VPLS instance. This can be used to limit the MTU to a value lower than the MTU supported by the associated pseudowires." DEFVAL { 1518 } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 13 }
vplsConfigVpnId OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VPNIdOrZero MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This objects indicates the IEEE 802-1990 VPN ID of the associated VPLS service." ::= { vplsConfigEntry 14 }
vplsConfigStorageType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable indicates the storage type for this row." DEFVAL { nonVolatile } ::= { vplsConfigEntry 15 }
} MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Desired signaling type of the VPLS service.
If the value of this object is ldp(1), then a corresponding entry in vplsLdpConfigTable is required.
If the value of this object is bgp(2), then a corresponding entry in vplsBgpConfigTable is required.
If the value of this object is none(3), then it indicates a static configuration of PW labels." DEFVAL { none }
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::= { vplsConfigEntry 16 }
-- VPLS Status table
vplsStatusTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsStatusEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table provides information for monitoring Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS). " ::= { vplsObjects 3 }
vplsStatusEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsStatusEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A row in this table represents a Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) in a packet network. It is indexed by vplsConfigIndex, which uniquely identifies a single VPLS.
A row in this table is automatically created by the agent when a VPLS service is first set to active. " AUGMENTS { vplsConfigEntry } ::= { vplsStatusTable 1 }
vplsStatusOperStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { other(0), up(1), down(2) } MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The current operational state of this VPLS service." ::= { vplsStatusEntry 1 }
vplsStatusPeerCount OBJECT-TYPE
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SYNTAX Counter32 MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This objects specifies the number of peers (pseudowires) present in this VPLS instance." ::= { vplsStatusEntry 2 }
-- VPLS PW Binding Table
vplsPwBindTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table provides an association between a VPLS service and the corresponding pseudowires. A service can have more than one pseudowire association. Pseudowires are defined in the pwTable" ::= { vplsObjects 4 }
vplsPwBindEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Each row represents an association between a VPLS instance and a pseudowire defined in the pwTable. Each index is unique in describing an entry in this table. However, both indexes are required to define the one to many association of service to pseudowire.
Entries in this table may be created or deleted through SNMP, as side effects of console or other non-SNMP management commands, or upon learning via autodiscovery.
It is optional for the agent to allow entries to be created that point to nonexistent entries in vplsConfigTable." INDEX { vplsConfigIndex, pwIndex } ::= { vplsPwBindTable 1 }
VplsPwBindEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
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vplsPwBindConfigType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { manual (1), autodiscovery (2) } MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The value of this object indicates whether the pseudowire Binding was created via SNMP/Console or via Auto-Discovery.
The value of this object must be specified when the row is created and cannot be changed while the row status is active(1)" ::= { vplsPwBindEntry 1 }
vplsPwBindType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { mesh (1), spoke (2) } MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The value of this object indicates whether the pseudowire Binding is of type mesh or spoke.
The value of this object must be specified when the row is created and cannot be changed while the row status is active(1)" ::= { vplsPwBindEntry 2 }
vplsPwBindRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "For creating, modifying, and deleting this row.
All other objects in this row must be set to valid
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values before this object can be set to active(1).
None of the read-create objects in the conceptual rows may be changed when this object is in the active(1) state.
If autodiscovered entries are deleted they would likely re-appear in the next autodiscovery interval." ::= { vplsPwBindEntry 3 }
vplsPwBindStorageType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable indicates the storage type for this row." DEFVAL { volatile } ::= { vplsPwBindEntry 4 }
-- vplsBgpADConfigTable
vplsBgpADConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsBgpADConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table specifies information for configuring BGP Auto-Discovery parameters for a given VPLS service. " ::= { vplsObjects 5 }
vplsBgpADConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpADConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A row in this table indicates that BGP based Auto- Discovery is in use for this instance of VPLS. A row in this table is indexed by vplsConfigIndex, which uniquely identifies a single VPLS.
Entries in this table may be created or deleted through SNMP, as side effects of console or other non-SNMP management commands, or upon learning via autodiscovery.
All of the read-create objects can be changed when vplsBGPADConfigRowStatus is in active(1) state."
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INDEX { vplsConfigIndex } ::= { vplsBgpADConfigTable 1 }
vplsBgpADConfigRouteDistinguisher OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpRouteDistinguisher MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The route distinguisher for this VPLS. See RFC 4364 for a complete definition of a route distinguisher. For more details on use of a route distinguisher for a VPLS service, see RFC 4761. When not configured, the value is derived from the lower 6 bytes of vplsBgpADConfigVplsId. " ::= { vplsBgpADConfigEntry 1 }
vplsBgpADConfigPrefix OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "In case of auto-discovery, the default prefix advertised is the IP address of the loopback. In case the user wants to override the loopback address, vplsBgpADConfigPrefix should be set. When this value is non-zero, this value is used along with vplsBgpADConfigRouteDistinguisher in the Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI), see RFC 6074. " DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { vplsBgpADConfigEntry 2 }
vplsBgpADConfigVplsId OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpRouteDistinguisher MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "VplsId is a unique identifier for all Virtual Switch Instances (VSIs) belonging to the same VPLS. It is
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advertised as an extended community. " ::= { vplsBgpADConfigEntry 3 }
vplsBgpADConfigRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "For creating, modifying, and deleting this row.
All other objects in this row must be set to valid values before this object can be set to active(1).
None of the read-create objects in the conceptual rows may be changed when this object is in the active(1) state." ::= { vplsBgpADConfigEntry 4 }
vplsBgpADConfigStorageType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable indicates the storage type for this row." DEFVAL { nonVolatile } ::= { vplsBgpADConfigEntry 5 }
-- vplsBgpRteTargetTable
vplsBgpRteTargetTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsBgpRteTargetEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table specifies the list of Route Targets imported or exported by BGP during auto-discovery of VPLS. " ::= { vplsObjects 6 }
vplsBgpRteTargetEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpRteTargetEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An entry in this table specifies the value of the Route Target being used by BGP. Depending on the value
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of vplsBgpRteTargetType, a Route Target might be exported, imported, or both. Every VPLS that uses auto-discovery for finding peer nodes can import and export multiple Route Targets. This representation allows support for hierarchical VPLS.
Entries in this table may be created or deleted through SNMP, as side effects of console or other non-SNMP management commands, or upon learning via autodiscovery.
It is optional for the agent to allow entries to be created that point to nonexistent entries in vplsConfigTable." INDEX { vplsConfigIndex, vplsBgpRteTargetIndex } ::= { vplsBgpRteTargetTable 1 }
vplsBgpRteTargetIndex OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This index, along with vplsConfigIndex, identifies one entry in the vplsBgpRteTargetTable. By keeping vplsConfigIndex constant and using a new value of vplsBgpRteTargetIndex, users can configure multiple Route Targets for the same VPLS. " ::= { vplsBgpRteTargetEntry 1 }
vplsBgpRteTargetRTType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpRouteTargetType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Used to define the type of a Route Target usage. Route Targets can be specified to be imported, exported, or both. For a complete definition of a Route Target, see RFC 4364."
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::= { vplsBgpRteTargetEntry 2 }
vplsBgpRteTargetRT OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpRouteTarget MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The Route Target associated with the VPLS service. For more details on use of Route Targets for a VPLS service, see RFC 4761. " ::= { vplsBgpRteTargetEntry 3 }
vplsBgpRteTargetRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable is used to create, modify, and/or delete a row in this table.
All other objects in this row must be set to valid values before this object can be set to active(1).
When a row in this table is in active(1) state, no objects in that row can be modified.
If autodiscovered entries are deleted they would likely re-appear in the next autodiscovery interval." ::= { vplsBgpRteTargetEntry 4 }
vplsBgpRteTargetStorageType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable indicates the storage type for this row." DEFVAL { volatile } ::= { vplsBgpRteTargetEntry 5 }
vplsStatusNotifEnable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-write STATUS current DESCRIPTION "If this object is set to true(1), then it enables the emission of a vplsStatusChanged notification; otherwise, this notification is not
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emitted." REFERENCE "See also RFC 3413 for explanation that notifications are under the ultimate control of the MIB module in this document." DEFVAL { false } ::= { vplsObjects 7 }
vplsNotificationMaxRate OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 MAX-ACCESS read-write STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object indicates the maximum number of notifications issued per second. If events occur more rapidly, the implementation may simply fail to emit these notifications during that period, or it may queue them until an appropriate time. A value of 0 means no throttling is applied and events may be notified at the rate at which they occur." DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { vplsObjects 8 } -- VPLS Service Notifications
vplsStatusChanged NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { vplsConfigVpnId, vplsConfigAdminStatus, vplsStatusOperStatus } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The vplsStatusChanged notification is generated when there is a change in the administrative or operating status of a VPLS service.
The object instances included in the notification are the ones associated with the VPLS service whose status has changed." ::= { vplsNotifications 1 }
vplsFwdFullAlarmRaised NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { vplsConfigVpnId, vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark, vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark } STATUS current
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DESCRIPTION "The vplsFwdFullAlarmRaised notification is generated when the utilization of the Forwarding database is above the value specified by vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark.
The object instances included in the notification are the ones associated with the VPLS service that has exceeded the threshold." ::= { vplsNotifications 2 }
vplsFwdFullAlarmCleared NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { vplsConfigVpnId, vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark, vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The vplsFwdFullAlarmCleared notification is generated when the utilization of the Forwarding database is below the value specified by vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark.
The object instances included in the notification are the ones associated with the VPLS service that has fallen below the threshold." ::= { vplsNotifications 3 }
vplsModuleFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Compliance requirement for implementations that provide full support for VPLS-GENERIC-MIB. Such devices can then be monitored and configured using this MIB module." MODULE -- this module
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}
::= { vplsCompliances 1 }
-- Compliance requirement for read-only implementations.
vplsModuleReadOnlyCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Compliance requirement for implementations that only provide read-only support for VPLS-GENERIC-MIB. Such devices can then be monitored but cannot be configured using this MIB modules."
RFC 7257 VPLS Management Information Base July 2014
vplsGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { vplsConfigName, vplsBgpADConfigRouteDistinguisher, vplsBgpRteTargetRTType, vplsBgpRteTargetRT, vplsBgpRteTargetRowStatus, vplsBgpRteTargetStorageType, vplsBgpADConfigPrefix, vplsBgpADConfigVplsId, vplsBgpADConfigRowStatus, vplsBgpADConfigStorageType, vplsConfigDescr, vplsConfigAdminStatus, vplsConfigMacLearning, vplsConfigDiscardUnknownDest, vplsConfigMacAging, vplsConfigVpnId, vplsConfigFwdFullHighWatermark, vplsConfigFwdFullLowWatermark, vplsConfigRowStatus, vplsConfigIndexNext, vplsConfigMtu, vplsConfigStorageType, vplsConfigSignalingType, vplsStatusOperStatus, vplsStatusPeerCount, vplsStatusNotifEnable, vplsNotificationMaxRate } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting management of L2VPN VPLS services" ::= { vplsGroups 1 }
vplsPwBindGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { vplsPwBindConfigType, vplsPwBindType, vplsPwBindRowStatus, vplsPwBindStorageType } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting management of pseudowire (PW) Binding to VPLS."
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::= { vplsGroups 2 }
vplsNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP NOTIFICATIONS { vplsStatusChanged, vplsFwdFullAlarmRaised, vplsFwdFullAlarmCleared } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of notifications supporting the Notifications generated for VPLS services." ::= { vplsGroups 3 }
DESCRIPTION "Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
The initial version of this MIB module was published in RFC 7257; for full legal notices see the RFC itself.
This MIB module contains managed object definitions for LDP-signaled Virtual Private LAN Services as in RFC 4762.
This MIB module enables the use of any underlying pseudowire network."
-- Revision history. REVISION "201405191200Z" -- 19 May 2014 12:00:00 GMT
DESCRIPTION "Initial version published as part of RFC 7257." ::= { transmission 275 }
-- Top-level components of this MIB. -- Notifications
vplsLdpConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsLdpConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table specifies information for configuring and monitoring LDP-specific parameters for Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS)." ::= { vplsLdpObjects 1 }
vplsLdpConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsLdpConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A row in this table represents LDP-specific information for Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) in a packet network. It is indexed by vplsConfigIndex, which uniquely identifies a single VPLS.
A row is automatically created when a VPLS service is configured using LDP signaling.
All of the writable objects values can be changed when vplsConfigRowStatus is in the active(1) state. " INDEX { vplsConfigIndex } ::= { vplsLdpConfigTable 1 }
vplsLdpConfigMacAddrWithdraw OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX TruthValue MAX-ACCESS read-write STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This object specifies if MAC address withdrawal is enabled in this service. If this object is 'true', then MAC address withdrawal is enabled. If 'false', then MAC address withdrawal is disabled." DEFVAL { true }
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::= { vplsLdpConfigEntry 1 }
-- VPLS LDP PW Binding Table
vplsLdpPwBindTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsLdpPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table provides LDP-specific information for an association between a VPLS service and the corresponding pseudowires. A service can have more than one pseudowire association. Pseudowires are defined in the pwTable." ::= { vplsLdpObjects 2 }
vplsLdpPwBindEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsLdpPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Each row represents an association between a VPLS instance and one or more pseudowires defined in the pwTable. Each index is unique in describing an entry in this table. However, both indexes are required to define the one-to-many association of service to pseudowire.
An entry in this table in instantiated only when LDP signaling is used to configure VPLS service.
Each entry in this table provides LDP-specific information for the VPLS represented by vplsConfigIndex." INDEX { vplsConfigIndex, pwIndex } ::= { vplsLdpPwBindTable 1 }
vplsLdpPwBindMacAddressLimit OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..4294967295) MAX-ACCESS read-write STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The value of this object specifies the maximum
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number of learned and static entries allowed in the Forwarding database for this PW Binding. The value 0 means there is no limit for this PW Binding." DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { vplsLdpPwBindEntry 1 }
-- VPLS LDP Service Notifications
vplsLdpPwBindMacTableFull NOTIFICATION-TYPE OBJECTS { vplsConfigName, pwID } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The vplsLdpPwBindMacTableFull notification is generated when the number of learned MAC addresses increases to the value specified in vplsLdpPwBindMacAddressLimit." ::= { vplsLdpNotifications 1 }
-- Compliance requirement for fully compliant implementations
vplsLdpModuleFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Compliance requirement for implementations that provide full support for VPLS-LDP-MIB.
Such devices can then be monitored and configured using this MIB module."
vplsLdpGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { vplsLdpConfigMacAddrWithdraw, vplsLdpPwBindMacAddressLimit } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting management of L2VPN VPLS services using LDP." ::= { vplsLdpGroups 1 }
DESCRIPTION "Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
The initial version of this MIB module was published in RFC 7257; for full legal notices see the RFC itself.
This MIB module contains managed object definitions for BGP signaled Virtual Private LAN Service as in RFC 4761.
This MIB module enables the use of any underlying pseudowire network."
-- Revision history. REVISION "201405191200Z" -- 19 May 2014 12:00:00 GMT
DESCRIPTION "Initial version published as part of RFC 7257." ::= { transmission 276 }
vplsBgpConfigTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsBgpConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION
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"This table specifies information for configuring and monitoring BGP-specific parameters for Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS)." ::= { vplsBgpObjects 1 }
vplsBgpConfigEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpConfigEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A row in this table represents BGP-specific information for Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) in a packet network. It is indexed by vplsConfigIndex, which uniquely identifies a single instance of a VPLS service.
A row is automatically created when a VPLS service is created that is configured to use BGP signaling.
All of the writable object values can be changed when vplsConfigRowStatus is in the active(1) state. " INDEX { vplsConfigIndex } ::= { vplsBgpConfigTable 1 }
VplsBgpConfigEntry ::=
SEQUENCE { vplsBgpConfigVERangeSize Unsigned32 }
vplsBgpConfigVERangeSize OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-write STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Specifies the size of the range of VPLS Edge Identifier (VE ID) in this VPLS service. This number controls the size of the label block advertised for this VE by the PE. A value of 0 indicates that the range is not configured and the PE derives the range value from received advertisements from other PEs.
The VE ID takes 2 octets in VPLS BGP NLRI according to RFC 4761. Hence we have limited the range of this object to 65535." DEFVAL { 0 }
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::= { vplsBgpConfigEntry 1 }
-- Vpls Edge Device (VE) Identifier Table
vplsBgpVETable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsBgpVEEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table associates VPLS Edge devices to a VPLS service" ::= { vplsBgpObjects 2 }
vplsBgpVEEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpVEEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "An entry in this table is created for each VE ID configured on a PE for a particular VPLS service instance.
Entries in this table may be created or deleted through SNMP, as side effects of console or other non-SNMP management commands, or upon learning via autodiscovery.
It is optional for the agent to allow entries to be created that point to nonexistent entries in vplsConfigTable." INDEX { vplsConfigIndex, vplsBgpVEId } ::= { vplsBgpVETable 1 }
vplsBgpVEId OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "A secondary index identifying a VE within an instance of a VPLS service.
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The VE ID takes 2 octets in VPLS BGP NLRI according to RFC 4761. Hence, we have limited the range of this object to 65535." ::= { vplsBgpVEEntry 1 }
vplsBgpVEName OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SnmpAdminString MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Descriptive name for the site or user-facing PE (U-PE) associated with this VE ID." DEFVAL { "" } ::= { vplsBgpVEEntry 2 }
vplsBgpVEPreference OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Specifies the preference of the VE ID on this Provider Edge (PE) if the site is multihomed and VE ID is reused." DEFVAL { 0 } ::= { vplsBgpVEEntry 3 }
vplsBgpVERowStatus OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX RowStatus MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable is used to create, modify, and/or delete a row in this table.
All other objects in this row must be set to valid values before this object can be set to active(1).
When a row in this table is in active(1) state, no objects in that row can be modified except vplsBgpSiteRowStatus." ::= { vplsBgpVEEntry 5 }
vplsBgpVEStorageType OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX StorageType MAX-ACCESS read-create STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This variable indicates the storage type for this
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vplsBgpPwBindTable OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VplsBgpPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "This table provides BGP-specific information for an association between a VPLS service and the corresponding pseudowires. A service can have more than one pseudowire association. Pseudowires are defined in the pwTable." ::= { vplsBgpObjects 3 }
vplsBgpPwBindEntry OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX VplsBgpPwBindEntry MAX-ACCESS not-accessible STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Each row represents an association between a VPLS instance and one or more pseudowires defined in the pwTable. Each index is unique in describing an entry in this table. However, both indexes are required to define the one to many association of service to pseudowire.
An entry in this table in instantiated only when BGP signaling is used to configure VPLS service.
Each entry in this table provides BGP-specific information for the VPLS represented by vplsConfigIndex." INDEX { vplsConfigIndex, pwIndex } ::= { vplsBgpPwBindTable 1 }
VplsBgpPwBindEntry ::= SEQUENCE { vplsBgpPwBindLocalVEId Unsigned32, vplsBgpPwBindRemoteVEId Unsigned32 } vplsBgpPwBindLocalVEId OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current
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DESCRIPTION "Identifies the local VE with which this pseudowire is associated.
The VE ID takes 2 octets in VPLS BGP NLRI according to RFC 4761. Hence, we have limited the range of this object to 65535." ::= { vplsBgpPwBindEntry 1 }
vplsBgpPwBindRemoteVEId OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..65535) MAX-ACCESS read-only STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Identifies the remote VE with which this pseudowire is associated.
The VE ID takes 2 octets in VPLS BGP NLRI according to RFC 4761. Hence, we have limited the range of this object to 65535." ::= { vplsBgpPwBindEntry 2 }
-- Conformance Section
-- Compliance requirement for fully compliant implementations
vplsBgpModuleFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Compliance requirement for implementations that provide full support for VPLS-BGP-MIB.
Such devices can then be monitored and configured using this MIB module."
-- Compliance requirement for read-only implementations.
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vplsBgpModuleReadOnlyCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE STATUS current DESCRIPTION "Compliance requirement for implementations that only provide read-only support for VPLS-BGP-MIB. Such devices can then be monitored but cannot be configured using this MIB modules."
RFC 7257 VPLS Management Information Base July 2014
STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting configuration of L2VPN VPLS services using BGP." ::= { vplsBgpGroups 1 }
vplsBgpVEGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { vplsBgpVEName, vplsBgpVEPreference, vplsBgpVERowStatus, vplsBgpVEStorageType } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting management of VPLS Edge devices for L2VPN VPLS services using BGP." ::= { vplsBgpGroups 2 }
vplsBgpPwBindGroup OBJECT-GROUP OBJECTS { vplsBgpPwBindLocalVEId, vplsBgpPwBindRemoteVEId } STATUS current DESCRIPTION "The group of objects supporting management of pseudowires for L2VPN VPLS services using BGP." ::= { vplsBgpGroups 3 }
END
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There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB module with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create. Such objects may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. The support for SET operations in a non-secure environment without proper protection can have a negative effect on network operations. These are the tables and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
o vplsConfigTable: o vplsPwBindTable: o vplsBgpADConfigTable: o vplsBgpRteTargetTable: o vplsLdpPwBindTable: o vplsLdpConfigTable: o vplsBgpConfigTable: o vplsBgpVETable:
The tables listed above contain read-create/read-write objects that can be used to configure or modify a LDP/BGP VPLS service. Any improper configuration or modification of objects in these tables can disrupt VPLS services.
The use of stronger mechanisms such as SNMPv3 security should be considered where possible for configuring these objects. Specifically, SNMPv3 View-based Access Control Model (VACM) and User-based Security Model (USM) MUST be used with any v3 agent that provides SET access to these tables.
o vplsNotificationMaxRate Setting this object to a very high value can cause a notification storm that may disrupt network service.
Most of the readable objects in this MIB module (i.e., objects with a MAX-ACCESS other than not-accessible) may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus important to control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over the network via SNMP. These readable objects are contained in the following tables:
o vplsConfigTable o vplsStatusTable o vplsPwBindTable o vplsBgpADConfigTable o vplsBgpRteTargetTable o vplsLdpPwBindTable
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o vplsLdpConfigTable o vplsBgpConfigTable o vplsBgpVETable o vplsBgpPwBindTable
SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security. Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPsec), there is no control as to who on the secure network is allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB module.
Implementations SHOULD provide the security features described by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410]), and implementations claiming compliance to the SNMPv3 standard MUST include full support for authentication and privacy via the User-based Security Model (USM) [RFC3414] with the AES cipher algorithm [RFC3826]. Implementations MAY also provide support for the Transport Security Model (TSM) [RFC5591] in combination with a secure transport such as SSH [RFC5592] or TLS/DTLS [RFC6353].
Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT RECOMMENDED. Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to enable cryptographic security. It is then a customer/operator responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2578] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
[RFC2579] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.
[RFC2580] McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J. Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999.
[RFC3413] Levi, D., Meyer, P., and B. Stewart, "Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Applications", STD 62, RFC 3413, December 2002.
[RFC3414] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, RFC 3414, December 2002.
[RFC3415] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R., and K. McCloghrie, "View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62, RFC 3415, December 2002.
[RFC3826] Blumenthal, U., Maino, F., and K. McCloghrie, "The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Cipher Algorithm in the SNMP User-based Security Model", RFC 3826, June 2004.
[RFC4188] Norseth, K., Ed., and E. Bell, Ed., "Definitions of Managed Objects for Bridges", RFC 4188, September 2005.
[RFC4265] Schliesser, B. and T. Nadeau, "Definition of Textual Conventions for Virtual Private Network (VPN) Management", RFC 4265, November 2005.
[RFC4364] Rosen, E. and Y. Rekhter, "BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)", RFC 4364, February 2006.
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[RFC4761] Kompella, K., Ed., and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) Using BGP for Auto-Discovery and Signaling", RFC 4761, January 2007.
[RFC4762] Lasserre, M., Ed., and V. Kompella, Ed., "Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) Using Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) Signaling", RFC 4762, January 2007.
[RFC5591] Harrington, D. and W. Hardaker, "Transport Security Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 78, RFC 5591, June 2009.
[RFC5592] Harrington, D., Salowey, J., and W. Hardaker, "Secure Shell Transport Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 5592, June 2009.
[RFC5601] Nadeau, T., Ed., and D. Zelig, Ed., "Pseudowire (PW) Management Information Base (MIB)", RFC 5601, July 2009.
[RFC6353] Hardaker, W., "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Transport Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 78, RFC 6353, July 2011.
[RFC3410] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart, "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet- Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410, December 2002.
[RFC3411] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R., and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks", STD 62, RFC 3411, December 2002.
[RFC3985] Bryant, S., Ed., and P. Pate, Ed., "Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture", RFC 3985, March 2005.
[RFC6074] Rosen, E., Davie, B., Radoaca, V., and W. Luo, "Provisioning, Auto-Discovery, and Signaling in Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks (L2VPNs)", RFC 6074, January 2011.
[SNMP-CONTEXT-MAP-MIB] Nadeau, T., and AS Kiran Koushik, "SNMP Context Mapping MIB", Work in Progress, March 2010.
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We wish to thank Marcelo Mourier and Reva Bailey for their valuable feedback. Some portion of the work has been referenced from their original Timetra Enterprise MIB work.
We wish to thank Praveen Muley, VJ Shah, Li Wentao, Kong Yong, Luo Jian, Feng Jun, and Takeshi Usui for their feedback.
Authors' Addresses
Thomas D. Nadeau (editor) Lucid Vision US EMail: tnadeau@lucidvision.com
A S Kiran Koushik (editor) Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. 130 Holger Way San Jose, CA 95134 US EMail: kkoushik@brocade.com
Rohit Mediratta (editor) Cisco Systems, Inc. 210 W Tasman Dr. Bldg. F, San Jose, CA 95134 US EMail: romedira@cisco.com