Internet Architecture Board (IAB) H. Flanagan Request for Comments: 7322 S. Ginoza Obsoletes: 2223 RFC Editor Category: Informational September 2014 ISSN: 2070-1721
RFC Style Guide
Abstract
This document describes the fundamental and unique style conventions and editorial policies currently in use for the RFC Series. It captures the RFC Editor's basic requirements and offers guidance regarding the style and structure of an RFC. Additional guidance is captured on a website that reflects the experimental nature of that guidance and prepares it for future inclusion in the RFC Style Guide. This document obsoletes RFC 2223, "Instructions to RFC Authors".
Status of This Memo
This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes.
This document is a product of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) and represents information that the IAB has deemed valuable to provide for permanent record. It represents the consensus of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB). Documents approved for publication by the IAB are not a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7322.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................3 2. RFC Editor's Philosophy .........................................4 3. RFC Style Conventions ...........................................5 3.1. Language ...................................................5 3.2. Punctuation ................................................5 3.3. DNS Names and URIs .........................................6 3.4. Capitalization .............................................6 3.5. Citations ..................................................6 3.6. Abbreviation Rules .........................................7 4. Structure of an RFC .............................................8 4.1. First-Page Header ..........................................9 4.1.1. Author/Editor .......................................9 4.1.2. Organization ........................................9 4.1.3. "ISSN: 2070-1721" ..................................10 4.1.4. Updates and Obsoletes ..............................10 4.2. Full Title ................................................10 4.3. Abstract Section ..........................................11 4.4. RFC Editor or Stream Notes Section ........................11 4.5. Status of This Memo Section ...............................11 4.6. Copyright, Licenses, and IPR Boilerplate Section ..........11 4.7. Table of Contents Section .................................11 4.8. Body of the Memo .........................................12 4.8.1. Introduction Section ...............................12 4.8.2. Requirement Language Section .......................12 4.8.3. IANA Considerations Section ........................13 4.8.4. Internationalization Considerations Section ........13 4.8.5. Security Considerations Section ....................13 4.8.6. References Section .................................14 4.8.6.1. URIs in RFCs ..............................15 4.8.6.2. Referencing RFCs ..........................15 4.8.6.3. Referencing STDs and BCPs .................16 4.8.6.4. Referencing Internet-Drafts ...............17 4.8.6.5. Referencing Errata ........................18 4.8.6.6. Referencing Other Standards Development Organizations (SDOs) ......................18 4.9. Appendices Section ........................................19 4.10. Acknowledgements Section .................................19 4.11. Contributors Section .....................................19 4.12. "Author's Address" or "Authors' Addresses" Section .......20 5. Security Considerations ........................................20 6. References .....................................................20 6.1. Normative References ......................................20 6.2. Informative References ....................................20
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Appendix A. Related Procedures ....................................23 A.1. Dispute Resolution .........................................23 A.2. Returning an I-D to the Document Stream ....................23 A.3. Revising This Document and Associated Web Pages ............23 IAB Members at the Time of Approval ...............................24 Acknowledgements ..................................................24 Contributors ......................................................24 Authors' Addresses ................................................24
The ultimate goal of the RFC publication process is to produce documents that are readable, clear, consistent, and reasonably uniform. The basic formatting conventions for RFCs were established in the 1970s by the original RFC Editor, Jon Postel. This document describes the fundamental and unique style conventions and editorial policies currently in use for the RFC Series [RFC4844]. It is intended as a stable, infrequently updated reference for authors, editors, and reviewers.
The RFC Editor also maintains a web portion of the Style Guide (see Appendix A.3) that describes issues as they are raised and indicates how the RFC Editor intends to address them. As new style issues arise, the RFC Editor will first address them on the web portion of the Style Guide [STYLE-WEB]. These topics may become part of the RFC Style Guide when it is revised.
The world of technical publishing has generally accepted rules for grammar, punctuation, capitalization, sentence length and complexity, parallelism, etc. The RFC Editor generally follows these accepted rules as defined by the Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) [CMOS], with a few important exceptions to avoid ambiguity in complex technical prose and to handle mixtures of text and computer languages, or to preserve historical formatting rules. This document presents these exceptions as applied or recommended by the RFC Editor.
All RFCs begin as Internet-Drafts (also referred to as I-Ds), and a well-written and properly constructed Internet-Draft [ID-GUIDE] provides a strong basis for a good RFC. The RFC Editor accepts Internet-Drafts from specified streams for publication [RFC4844] and applies the rules and guidelines for the RFC Series during the editorial process.
Authors may find it helpful to understand the RFC Editor's goals during the publication process, namely to:
- Prepare the document according to RFC style and format.
- Make the document as clear, consistent, and readable as possible.
- Correct larger content/clarity issues; flag any unclear passages for author review.
- Fix inconsistencies (e.g., terms that appear in various forms, text that appears multiple times, or inconsistent capitalization).
We strive for consistency within:
a. the document,
b. a cluster of documents [CLUSTER], and
c. the series of RFCs on the subject matter.
The editorial process of the RFC Editor is not an additional technical review of the document. Where the RFC Editor may suggest changes in wording for clarity and readability, it is up to the author, working group, or stream-approving body to determine whether the changes have an impact on the technical meaning of the document [RFC4844]. If the original wording is a more accurate representation of the technical content being described in the document, it takes precedence over editorial conventions.
The activity of editing sometimes creates a tension between author and editor. The RFC Editor attempts to minimize this conflict for RFC publication while continually striving to produce a uniformly excellent document series. The RFC Editor refers to this fundamental tension as "editorial balance," and maintaining this balance is a continuing concern for the RFC Editor. There is a prime directive that must rule over grammatical conventions: do not change the intended meaning of the text.
If the RFC Editor cannot edit a document without serious risk of altering the meaning, it may be returned to the stream-approving body for review. See Appendix A.2 for more information.
This Style Guide does not use terminology as defined in RFC 2119 [BCP14]. In this document, lowercase use of "must" and "should" indicates changes the RFC Editor will make automatically to conform with this Style Guide versus those that may be questioned if not applied. The lowercase "must" indicates those changes that will be applied automatically and are not at the discretion of the authors. The lowercase "should" indicates the RFC Editor's recommended use, but conformance with the recommendations is not required; the RFC Editor may question whether the guidance may be applied.
The RFC publication language is English. Spelling may be either American or British, as long as an individual document is internally consistent. Where both American and British English spelling are used within a document or cluster of documents, the text will be modified to be consistent with American English spelling.
DNS names, whether or not in URIs, that are used as generic examples in RFCs should use the particular examples defined in "Reserved Top Level DNS Names" [BCP32], to avoid accidental conflicts.
Angle brackets are strongly recommended around URIs [STD66], e.g.,
* Capitalization must be consistent within the document and ideally should be consistent with related RFCs. Refer to the online table of decisions on consistent usage of terms in RFCs [TERMS].
* Per CMOS guidelines, the major words in RFC titles and section titles should be capitalized (this is sometimes called "title case"). Typically, all words in a title will be capitalized, except for internal articles, prepositions, and conjunctions.
* Section titles that are in sentence form will follow typical sentence capitalization.
* Titles of figures may be in sentence form or use title case.
However, the proper textual naming of an RFC contains a space.
Example: "See RFC 2119 [BCP14] for more information."
* Cross-references within the body of the memo and to other RFCs must use section numbers rather than page numbers, as pagination may change per format and device.
Abbreviations should be expanded in document titles and upon first use in the document. The full expansion of the text should be followed by the abbreviation itself in parentheses. The exception is an abbreviation that is so common that the readership of RFCs can be expected to recognize it immediately; examples include (but are not limited to) TCP, IP, SNMP, and HTTP. The online list of abbreviations [ABBR] provides guidance. Some cases are marginal, and the RFC Editor will make the final judgment, weighing obscurity against complexity.
Note: The online list of abbreviations is not exhaustive or definitive. It is a list of abbreviations appearing in RFCs and sometimes reflects discussions with authors, Working Group Chairs, and/or Area Directors (ADs). Note that some abbreviations have multiple expansions. Additionally, this list includes some terms that look like abbreviations but that are actually fixed names for things and hence cannot and should not be expanded. These are noted as "No Expansion".
A published RFC will largely contain the elements in the following list. Some of these sections are required, as noted. Those sections marked with "*" will be supplied by the RFC Editor during the editorial process when necessary. Sections are allowed to contain nothing but subsections. The rules for each of these elements are described in more detail below.
First-page header * [Required] Title [Required] Abstract [Required] RFC Editor or Stream Note * [Upon request] Status of This Memo * [Required] Copyright Notice * [Required] Table of Contents * [Required] Body of the Memo [Required] 1. Introduction [Required] 2. Requirements Language (RFC 2119) 3. ... MAIN BODY OF THE TEXT 6. ... 7. IANA Considerations [Required in I-D] 8. Internationalization Considerations 9. Security Considerations [Required] 10. References 10.1. Normative References 10.2. Informative References Appendix A. Appendix B. Acknowledgements Contributors Author's Address [Required]
Within the body of the memo, the order shown above is strongly recommended. Exceptions may be questioned. Outside the body of the memo, the order above is required. The section numbers above are for illustrative purposes; they are not intended to correspond to required numbering in an RFC.
The elements preceding the body of the memo should not be numbered. Typically, the body of the memo will have numbered sections and the appendices will be labeled with letters. Any sections that appear after the appendices should not be numbered or labeled (e.g., see "Contributors" above).
Headers will follow the format described in "RFC Streams, Headers, and Boilerplates" [RFC5741] and its successors. In addition, the following conventions will apply.
The determination of who should be listed as an author or editor on an RFC is made by the stream.
The author's name (initial followed by family name) appears on the first line of the heading. Some variation, such as additional initials or capitalization of family name, is acceptable. Once the author has selected how their name should appear, they should use that display consistently in all of their documents.
The total number of authors or editors on the first page is generally limited to five individuals and their affiliations. If there is a request for more than five authors, the stream-approving body needs to consider if one or two editors should have primary responsibility for this document, with the other individuals listed in the Contributors or Acknowledgements section. There must be a direct correlation of authors and editors in the document header and the Authors' Addresses section. These are the individuals that must sign off on the document during the AUTH48 process and respond to inquiries, such as errata.
The author's organization is indicated on the line following the author's name.
For multiple authors, each author name appears on its own line, followed by that author's organization. When more than one author is affiliated with the same organization, the organization can be "factored out," appearing only once following the corresponding Author lines. However, such factoring is inappropriate when it would force an unacceptable reordering of author names.
If an author cannot or will not provide an affiliation for any reason, "Independent", "Individual Contributor", "Retired", or some other term that appropriately describes the author's affiliation may be used. Alternatively, a blank line may be included in the document header when no affiliation is provided.
The title must be centered below the rest of the heading, preceded by two blank lines and followed by one blank line.
Choosing a good title for an RFC can be a challenge. A good title should fairly represent the scope and purpose of the document without being either too general or too specific and lengthy.
Abbreviations in a title must generally be expanded when first encountered (see Section 3.6 for additional guidance on abbreviations).
It is often helpful to follow the expansion with the parenthesized abbreviation, as in the following example:
Encoding Rules for the Common Routing Encapsulation Extension Protocol (CREEP)
The RFC Editor recommends that documents describing a particular company's private protocol should bear a title of the form "Foo's ... Protocol" (where Foo is a company name), to clearly differentiate it from a protocol of more general applicability.
Every RFC must have an Abstract that provides a concise and comprehensive overview of the purpose and contents of the entire document, to give a technically knowledgeable reader a general overview of the function of the document.
Composing a useful Abstract generally requires thought and care. Usually, an Abstract should begin with a phrase like "This memo ..." or "This document ..." A satisfactory Abstract can often be constructed in part from material within the Introduction section, but an effective Abstract may be shorter, less detailed, and perhaps broader in scope than the Introduction. Simply copying and pasting the first few paragraphs of the Introduction is allowed, but it may result in an Abstract that is both incomplete and redundant. Note also that an Abstract is not a substitute for an Introduction; the RFC should be self-contained as if there were no Abstract.
Similarly, the Abstract should be complete in itself. It will appear in isolation in publication announcements and in the online index of RFCs. Therefore, the Abstract must not contain citations.
A stream-approving body may approve the inclusion of an editorial note to explain anything unusual about the process that led to the document's publication or to note a correction. In this case, a stream note section will contain such a note.
Additionally, an RFC Editor Note section may contain a note inserted by the RFC Editor to highlight special circumstances surrounding an RFC.
Each RFC must include an Introduction section that (among other things) explains the motivation for the RFC and (if appropriate) describes the applicability of the document, e.g., whether it specifies a protocol, provides a discussion of some problem, is simply of interest to the Internet community, or provides a status report on some activity. The body of the memo and the Abstract must be self-contained and separable. This may result in some duplication of text between the Abstract and the Introduction; this is acceptable.
The Introduction section should always be the first section following the TOC (except in the case of MIB module documents). While "Introduction" is recommended, authors may choose alternate titles such as "Overview" or "Background". These alternates are acceptable.
For MIB module documents, common practice has been for "The Internet-Standard Management Framework" [MIB-BOILER] text to appear as Section 1.
Some documents use certain capitalized words ("MUST", "SHOULD", etc.) to specify precise requirement levels for technical features. RFC 2119 [BCP14] defines a default interpretation of these capitalized words in IETF documents. If this interpretation is used, RFC 2119 must be cited (as specified in RFC 2119) and included as a normative reference. Otherwise, the correct interpretation must be specified in the document.
This section must appear as part of the body of the memo (as defined by this document). It must appear as part of, or subsequent to, the Introduction section.
These words are considered part of the technical content of the document and are intended to provide guidance to implementers about specific technical features, generally governed by considerations of interoperability. RFC 2119 says:
Imperatives of the type defined in this memo must be used with care and sparingly. In particular, they MUST only be used where it is actually required for interoperation or to limit behavior which has potential for causing harm (e.g., limiting
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retransmisssions) For example, they must not be used to try to impose a particular method on implementers where the method is not required for interoperability.
For guidance on how to register IANA-related values or create new registries to be managed by IANA, see "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs" [BCP26].
The RFC Editor will update text accordingly after the IANA assignments have been made. It is helpful for authors to clearly identify where text should be updated to reflect the newly assigned values. For example, the use of "TBD1", "TBD2", etc., is recommended in the IANA Considerations section and in the body of the memo.
If the authors have provided values to be assigned by IANA, the RFC Editor will verify that the values inserted by the authors match those that have actually been registered on the IANA site. When writing a given value, consistent use of decimal or hexadecimal is recommended.
If any of the IANA-related information is not clear, the RFC Editor will work with IANA to send queries to the authors to ensure that assignments and values are properly inserted.
The RFC Editor will remove an IANA Considerations section that says there are no IANA considerations (although such a section is required in the Internet-Draft preceding the RFC).
All RFCs that deal with internationalization issues should have a section describing those issues; see "IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages" [BCP18], Section 6, for more information.
All RFCs must contain a section that discusses the security considerations relevant to the specification; see "Guidelines for Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations" [BCP72] for more information.
Note that additional boilerplate material for RFCs containing MIB and YANG modules also exists. See "Security Guidelines for IETF MIB Modules" [MIB-SEC] and "yang module security considerations" [YANG-SEC] for details.
The reference list is solely for recording reference entries. Introductory text is not allowed.
The RFC style allows the use of any of a variety of reference styles, as long as they are used consistently within a document. However, where necessary, some reference styles have been described for use within the Series. See the examples in this document.
The RFC Editor ensures that references to other RFCs refer to the most current RFC available on that topic (unless provided with a reason not to do so). When referring to an obsoleted document, it is common practice to also refer to the most recent version.
A reference to an RFC that has been assigned an STD [RFC1311], BCP [RFC1818], or FYI [FYI90] sub-series number must include the sub-series number of the document. Note that the FYI series was ended by RFC 6360. RFCs that were published with an FYI sub-series number and still maintain the FYI number must include the sub-series number in the reference.
Reference lists must indicate whether each reference is normative or informative, where normative references are essential to implementing or understanding the content of the RFC and informative references provide additional information. More information about normative and informative references may be found in the IESG's statement "Normative and Informative References" [REFS]. When both normative and informative references exist, the references section should be split into two subsections:
s. References
s.1. Normative References
xxx ... xxx
s.2. Informative References
xxx ... xxx
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References will generally appear in alphanumeric order by citation tag. Where there are only normative or informative references, no subsection is required; the top-level section should say "Normative References" or "Informative References".
Normative references to Internet-Drafts will cause publication of the RFC to be suspended until the referenced draft is also ready for publication; the RFC Editor will then update the entry to refer to the RFC and publish both documents simultaneously.
The use of URIs in references is acceptable, as long as the URI is the most stable (i.e., unlikely to change and expected to be continuously available) and direct reference possible. The URI will be verified as valid during the RFC editorial process.
If a dated URI (one that includes a timestamp for the page) is available for a referenced web page, its use is required.
Note that URIs may not be the sole information provided for a reference entry.
The following format is required for referencing RFCs. Note the ordering for multiple authors: the format of the name of the last author listed is different than that of all previous authors in the list.
For one author or editor:
[RFCXXXX] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number (if applicable), RFC number, Date of publication, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc#>.
[RFCXXXX] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable) and First initial. Last name, Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number (if applicable), RFC number, Date of publication, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc#>.
[RFCXXXX] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable), Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable), and First initial. Last name, Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number (if applicable), RFC number, Date of publication, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc#>.
Internet Standards (STDs) and Best Current Practices (BCPs) may consist of a single RFC or multiple RFCs. When an STD or BCP that contains multiple RFCs is referenced, the reference entry should include ALL of the RFCs comprising that sub-series. The authors should refer to specific RFC numbers as part of the text (not as citations) and cite the sub-series number. Inclusion of the URI to the STD or BCP info page (see Section 3.2.3 of [RFC5741]) is recommended. The text should appear as follows:
[STDXXX] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number, RFC number, Date of publication, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/std#>.
[STDXXX] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number, RFC number, Date of publication.
Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable) and First initial. Last name, Ed. (if applicable), "RFC Title", Sub-series number, RFC number, Date of publication.
References to Internet-Drafts may only appear as informative references. Given that several revisions of an I-D may be produced in a short time frame, references must include the posting date (month and year), the full Internet-Draft file name (including the version number), and the phrase "Work in Progress". Authors may reference multiple versions of an I-D. If the referenced I-D was also later published as an RFC, then that RFC must also be listed.
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[SYMBOLIC-TAG] Last name, First initial., Ed. (if applicable) and First initial. Last name, Ed. (if applicable), "I-D Title", Work in Progress, draft-string-NN, Month Year.
Example:
[RFC-STYLE] Flanagan, H. and S. Ginoza, "RFC Style Guide", Work in Progress, draft-flanagan-style-01, June 2013.
4.8.6.6. Referencing Other Standards Development Organizations (SDOs)
The following format is suggested when referencing a document or standard from another SDO in which authors are listed:
[SYMBOLIC-TAG] Last name, First initial. and First initial. Last name, "Document Title", Document reference number, Date of publication, <URI if available>.
[W3C.REC-xml11] Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C., Maler, E., Yergeau, F., and J. Cowan, "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)", W3C Recommendation REC-xml11-20060816, August 2006, <http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816>.
Note that the order of authors in the list is the same as the order shown on the actual document and that the common, abbreviated form of the SDO is used.
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Alternatively, when no list of authors is available, the following format is recommended:
[SYMBOLIC-TAG] Organization, "Document Title", Document reference number, Date of publication, <URI if available>.
Example:
[IEEE802.1Q] IEEE, "Local and Metropolitan Area Networks -- Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges and Virtual Bridged Local Area Networks", IEEE Std 802.1Q-2011, August 2011, <http://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/ 802.1Q-2011.html>.
The RFC Editor recommends placing references before the Appendices. Appendices should be labeled as "Appendix A. Title", "A.1. Title", "Appendix B. Title", etc.
This optional section may be used instead of, or in addition to, a Contributors section. It is often used by authors to publicly thank those who have provided feedback regarding a document and to note any documents from which text was borrowed.
This optional section acknowledges those who have made significant contributions to the document.
In a similar fashion to the Author's Address section, the RFC Editor does not make the determination as to who should be listed as a contributor to an RFC. The determination of who should be listed as a contributor is made by the stream.
The Contributors section may include brief statements about the nature of particular contributions ("Sam contributed Section 3"), and it may also include affiliations of listed contributors. At the discretion of the author(s), contact addresses may also be included in the Contributors section, for those contributors whose knowledge makes them useful future contacts for information about the RFC. The format of any contact information should be similar to the format of information in the Author's Address section.
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4.12. "Author's Address" or "Authors' Addresses" Section
This required section gives contact information for the author(s) listed in the first-page header.
Contact information must include a long-lived email address and optionally may include a postal address and/or telephone number. If the postal address is included, it should include the country name, using the English short name listed by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency [ISO_OBP]. The purpose of this section is to (1) unambiguously define author identity (e.g., the John Smith who works for FooBar Systems) and (2) provide contact information for future readers who have questions or comments.
The practice of munged email addresses (i.e., altering an email address to make it less readable to bots and web crawlers to avoid spam) is not appropriate in an archival document series. Author contact information is provided so that readers can easily contact the author with questions and/or comments. Address munging is not allowed in RFCs.
[ISO3297] Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation, Subcommittee SC 9, Identification and description, "Information and documentation - International standard serial number (ISSN)", September 2007.
[RFC2223bis] Reynolds, J., Ed. and B. Braden, Ed. "Instructions to Request for Comments (RFC) Authors", Work in Progress, draft-rfc-editor-rfc2223bis-08, August 2004.
There are competing rationales for some of the rules described in this Guide, and the RFC Editor has selected the ones that work best for the Series. However, at times, an author may have a disagreement with the RFC Production Center (RPC) over the application of Style Guide conventions. In such cases, the authors should discuss their concerns with the RPC. If no agreement can be reached between the RPC and the authors, the RFC Series Editor will, with input from the appropriate stream-approving body, make a final determination. If further resolution is required, the dispute resolution process as described in the RFC Editor Model [RFC6635] will be followed.
For a given document, if the RFC Editor determines that it cannot be edited without serious risk of altering the meaning of the technical content or if the RFC Editor does not have the resources to provide the level of editing it needs, it may be sent back to the stream- approving body with a request to improve the clarity, consistency, and/or readability of the document. This is not to be considered a dispute with the author.
A.3. Revising This Document and Associated Web Pages
The RFC Series is continually evolving as a document series. This document focuses on the fundamental and stable requirements that must be met by an RFC. From time to time, the RFC Editor may offer less formal recommendations that authors may apply at their discretion; these recommendations may be found on the RFC Editor website "Guidelines for RFC Style" [STYLE-WEB].
When a new recommendation is made regarding the overall structure and formatting of RFCs, it will be published on that page and accepted for a period of time before the RFC Editor determines whether it should become part of the fundamental requirements in the RFC Style Guide or remain as a less formal recommendation. That period of time will vary, in part depending on the frequency with which authors encounter and apply the guidance.
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IAB Members at the Time of Approval
Jari Arkko (IETF Chair) Mary Barnes Marc Blanchet Joel Halpern Ted Hardie Joe Hildebrand Russ Housley Eliot Lear Xing Li Erik Nordmark Andrew Sullivan Dave Thaler Brian Trammell
Acknowledgements
This document refers heavily to RFC 2223 [RFC2223] and [RFC2223bis]; as such, we are grateful to the authors of those documents for putting their time and effort into the RFC Series.
Robert T. Braden USC Information Sciences Institute